报告题目:human advantage in service roles: evidence from a restaurant chain 报告摘要:while many service tasks appear readily codifiable, their automation can paradoxically reduce the value created for customers. using data from a restaurant chain, we demonstrate that service workers outperform digital systems by leveraging local information to adapt to customer heterogeneity and operational conditions, resulting in higher sales per order and improved satisfaction. using an unexpected technological failure that forced a restaurant chain to temporarily revert from digital ordering to human service, we show that human servers increase revenue per order by 6.5%despite operating under severe staffing constraints. this performance gap emerges not from uniform superiority, but from humans’ ability to tailor approaches based on customer characteristics, operational constraints, and firm objectives. our findings reveal a critical hidden cost of automation: the loss of human-generated value may outweigh labor cost savings.